Ingot-mold



J. A. DRAIN.

INGOT MOLD.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 13, 1920.

Patented July 13, 1920.

a ,0 w E i 1 F 2 M 7A J 4 liwenifol. LJOhnJZ Drazn fli/ torneu tailing the expense JOHN A. DRAIN, 0F PHILADELPHIA,

INGOT-IVIOLD.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pattgmtrgdl J 1p 133, 192th Application filed January 13, 1920. Serial no. asrsna To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. DRAIN, a

citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Ingot- Molds, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is an ingot mold having a lining of insulating material between its metal body and its exposed lining (as of fire brick), which makes contact with the metal, the insulating lining in its preferred form being more or less elastic.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a mold, which will hold the heat of the poured metal, secure more nearly even as well as slow cooling, eflect substantial annealing and reduce the development of internal strains, segregation, crystallization, piping and ingotism, together with the tendency to form ghosts, streaks and defects in ingots cast in molds heretofore used, particularly in forging ingots and large ingots generally.

In its preferred form, the cast metal body of the mold is made in sections so that a broken section can be replaced without enof wholly replacing the mold, and the size of the mold can be varied by the removal or insertion of sections.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an ingot mold made in accordance with the invention, and Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the same taken on the line 2"-2 of Fig. 1.

As illustrated in the drawings, the invention comprises a cast metal body having the bottom section 1 provided with the outer top flange 1 together with the inner and outer bottom flanges 1 and 1 respectively, the intermediate section 2 having the outer flanges 2 and 2 at its respective ends, and the top section 3 having the outer bottom flange 3 spective flanges 2 and 2 registering with the flanges 1 and 3 to which they are connected by bolts 4 and 4?.

A heat insulating lining 5 (preferably of elasticmaterial) is constructed within the body next to the sections 1, 2 and 3 and between the flanges 1" and 3"; this lining being composed suitably of-cork bricks 5 which are made of a formed and pressed mixture of cork andclay from which the cork has been burnt out, with the producand the inner top flange 3 there-- tron of a highly porous construction adapted for containing a" relatively large body of air in its cells. But it will be understood that linings of other insulating materials, such as asbestos, may be substituted for the cork bricks.

A refractory lining 6, suitably of fire bricks 6 is constructed next to the inner l1n1ng 5 between the flanges 1 and 3*.

When hot metal is poured into a mold of this character, its heat is retained by the lin= lngs, particularly the inner lining of insulatlng material, so that it cools slowly and moreevenly, with less variation in the di slpatlon of heat between the outer and inner strata. gather with a reduction of the internal strains that are commonly developed, as well as a reduction in segregation, piping, crystallization and ingotism, while the ingot 1s annealed by the slow and more regular loss of its heat. When the inner lining is formed of elastic material that is perceptibly compressed by the metal poured in the mold, as in the case of a-highly porous material containing a large amount of air, such lming will expand, due to the heat that it absorbs and the reduction of the pressure as the ingot shrinks in cooling, so that it will exert a useful following and continuing pressure on the sides of the ingot as it cools and shrinks.

The great difliculties and large losses in casting large forging ingots. are greatly reduced in this manner, and highly desirable results are obtained in ingot casting gen-' erally as well as in casting various products that are benefited by slow and more regular cooling with consequent annealing.

1. An ingot mold having a lining of refractory material and an inner lining of heat insulating material;

There is effected a distribution to- The metal body of the mold is thus pro- 2. An ingot mold having an inner lining v of elastic heat insulating material.

3. An ingot mold having a sectional metal body, a lining of fire brick and a lining of 5 heat insulating material between the body and fire brick.

4:. An ingot mold having an inner lining of cork bricks.

JQHN A. DRAIN. 

